Ques-:1.
What is
Operating System?
Ans :-
Operating System
works as an interpreter between computer hardware and application. Operating System
works as a user interface.
Ques-:2.
Types of
Operating System?
Ans :-
There are two
types of Operating System—
1.
SOS – Simple
Operating System as for example – Windows 95, 98, ME
2.
NOS – Network
Operating System as for example – Windows NT, 2000, 2003
Ques-:3.
What is
Server?
Ans :-
Servers are
computer that provides the services. As for Example –
1.
DNS Server
2.
WINS Server
3.
DHCP Server
4.
RAS Server
5.
VPN Server
Ques-:4.
What is RAS
Server?
Ans :-
RAS stands
for Remote Access Server. It is basically use for mobile user in the network.
This Server provides the remote access connectivity for mobile user. In this
way all of the mobile users are connected to server through telephone line.
This Server also provides the connectivity between two or more Offices in the
Network.
Ques-:5.
What is VPN
Server?
Ans :-
VPN stands
for Virtual Private Network. It is basically use for mobile user in the
network. This Server provides the remote access connectivity for mobile user.
In this way all of the mobile users are connected to server through internet.
This Server also provides the connectivity between two or more Offices in the
Network. VPN is Cost Effective (No costly).
Ques-:6.
What is IAS
Server?
Ans :-
IAS stands
for Internet Authentication Services. IAS Server is also known as RADIUS
Server. IAS Server Provides the centralized management of multiple RAS &
VPN Servers in the Network. On this Server Remote Access Policy and Remote
Access Logging Options are available.
Ques-:7.
FAT/NTFS?
Ans :-
There is
major differences are available between FAT and NTFS File System such as
FAT
·
Fat stands for
File Allocation Table
·
There are two
categories in Fat File System
o
Fat 16
o
Fat 32
·
In Fat Up To
Folder Level Security is available
·
Compression Option
is not available
·
Encryption Option
is not available
·
Disk Quota Option
is not Available
·
FAT Supported By
All Of The Microsoft Based Operating System
NTFS
·
NTFS stands for
New Technology File System
·
There are three
categories in NTFS file System
o
NTFS 4.0 – NT O/S
o
NTFS 5.0 – 2000
O/S
o
NTFS 6.0 –
2003O/S
·
In NTFS Up-to
File Level Security is available
·
Compression
Option is available
·
Encryption Option
is available
·
Disk Quota Option
is Available
·
NTFS Supported By
only Limited Microsoft Based Operating System
Ques-:8.
What is the
difference between Windows NT/2000/2003?
Ans :-
There are
many differences are available between Windows NT, 2000 and 2003 O/S, Such As--
NT
§
There is no active
directory
§
There is no
tree/forest hierarchical structure are available
§
There is no Site Relationship
§
There is no
parent domain and child domain concepts are available in the network.
§
NT support NTFS
4.0 File system
§
NT Support NTLM Version
2 Lan Authentication Protocol
§
In NT by default
no Trust Relationship are configured
§
In NT we will use
System Policy
§
In NT specific
Client Site Operating System is available i.e. NT Workstation 4.0 Edition
§
In NT we will use
Exchange 5.5 Server
§
In NT We Can
Create Only One Way
2000
§
There is Active
Directory
§
Tree/Forest Hierarchal
Structure are available
§
There is Site Relationship
is available
§
There is parent
domain and child domain concept are available
§
2000 support NTFS
5.0 File system
§
2000 Support
Kerberos Version 5 Authentication Protocol
§
In 2000 by
default Two-Way Trust Relationship are configured
§
In 2000 we will
use Group Policy
§
2000 support
maximum 32 Processor and 64 GB RAM
§
In 2000 specific
Client Site Operating System is available i.e. 2000 Professional
§
In 2000 we will
use Exchange 2000 Server
§
In 2000 no Stub
Zone is available in DNS
§
In 2000 Resultant
Setup Policy is not available
§
In 2000 GPMC is not
available
§
In 2000
Conditional Forwarding option is not available
§
In 2000 Effective
Permission option is not available
§
In 2000 Only some
Administrative Command Line Tools are available
§
Active Directory
Saved Query Option is not available
§
Shadow Copy
Option is not available in Windows 2000 O/S
§
ASR Option is not
available in Windows 2000 O/S
§
In Windows 2000
We Can Create Maximum 1 DFS Root On A Single DFS Server in The Network.
§
In 2000 We Can
Create Two Way
2003
§
There is Active
Directory
§
Tree Forest
Hierarchal Structure are available
§
There is Site Relationship
is available
§
There is parent
domain and child domain concept are available
§
2003 support NTFS
6.0 File system
§
2003 Support
Kerberos Version 5 Authentication Protocol
§
In 2003 by
default Two-Way Trust Relationship are configured
§
In 2003 we will
use Group Policy
§
2003 support
maximum 64 Processor and 512 GB RAM
§
In 2003 no
specific Client Site Operating System is available you can use either win 2k
Professional either Win XP Professional in the Network.
§
In 2003 we will
use Exchange 2003 Server
§
In 2003 Stub Zone
is available in DNS
§
In 2003 Resultant
Setup Policy is available
§
In 2003 GPMC is available
§
In 2003
Conditional Forwarding option is available
§
In 2003 Effective
Permission option is available
§
In 2003 more Administrative
Command Line Tools are available
§
Active Directory
Saved Query Option is available
§
Shadow Copy
Option is available in Windows 2003 O/S
§
ASR Option is
available in Windows 2003 O/S
§
In Windows 2003
We Can Create More Than 1 DFS Root On A Single DFS Server in The Network.
§
In 2003 We Can
Create Two Way
Ques-:9.
What is
Active Directory?
Ans :-
Active Directory is the main concept of Windows 2000/2003 Network. It
stores all of the information about the whole network such as users, printers,
computers etc.
Ques-:10.
What is Tree?
Ans :-
A group of
domain is called tree and sharing a contiguous Name space.
Ques-:11.
What is Forest ?
Ans :-
A group of
tree is called forest and does not sharing a contiguous name space but sharing
a common configuration (Schema).
Ques-:12.
Difference
between D.C. and A.D.C.?
Ans :-
D.C. stands
for Domain Controller and A.D.C. stands for Additional Domain Controller. A.D.C.
is a back up copy of D.C. Only one different is available Between D.C. and
A.D.C. i.e. - Operation Master Role. On
D.C all of the three Operation Master Roles are available—
1.
RID Master
2.
PDC Emulator
3.
Infrastructure Operation
Master Role
But on A.D.C no any operation
master roles are available
Ques-:13.
What is the
benefit of Child Domain?
Ans :-
There are
many benefits of Child Domain Such As—
0.
Security Boundary
1.
Administrative
Overhead Low
2.
Network Traffic
Low
Ques-:14.
What is
Group?
Ans :-
Group is a
collection of user account. It provides the simplified administration in the
network.
Ques-:15.
What is OU?
Ans :-
OU stands for
Organizational Unit. On OU we define group policy in the network. Group policy
is basically assigned on active directory container i.e. Site, domain, OU. When ever we want some users
in the network do not use shut down the system, do not use run command, do not
use control panel, then we put that user in the OU and assign the appropriate
Group Policy on that OU.
Ques-:16.
What is Group
Policy?
Ans :-
Group policy
provides the stream line access to all of the users in the network. Group
policy is basically assigned on active directory container i.e. Site, domain, OU. When ever we want some
users in the network do not use shut down the system, do not use run command,
do not use control panel, then we put that user in the OU and assign the appropriate
Group Policy on That OU.
Ques-:17.
Difference
between Permission, Right and Policy?
Ans :-
Permission
– Permission are basically assigned on network resources as for example – File,
Folder, Share Folder, Printer
Right – Right is basically assign to users and groups.
Policy – Policy are basically assigned on active directory
container i.e. - Site, Domain, OU.
Ques-:18.
What is ISA
Server?
Ans :-
ISA stands
for Internet Security Acceleration. ISA Server Provides the Internet connectivity
for all of the users in network ISA server also works as a Proxy Server in the network.
With the help of ISA Server Administrator can Filtering a Client request For a
Specific Web site in the Network.
Ques-:19.
What is
Default Gateway?
Ans :-
Default
Gateway is the IP Address of Router in the network. When ever any clients want
to go to another network that query will forward to Default Gateway.
Ques-:20.
What is Site?
Ans :-
A Site is a
geographical area where all of the domains are available. Site manages the
Replication Traffic between Two or More Different Sites in the Network.
Ques-:21.
What is
Operation Master Role?
Ans :-
Operation
Master Role is available on Domain controller in the Network. There are Five types
of Operation Master Role –
1.
Schema Master
2.
Domain Naming Master
3.
RID Master
4.
PDC Emulator
5.
Infrastructure Operation
Master Role
Ques-:22.
Difference
between Mixed Mode and Native Mode?
Ans :-
There are
three types of domain mode—
1.
Mixed Mode
– In this mode NT, win 2k and win 2k3 D.C are available.
2.
Win 2k Native Modes – In this mode Win 2k And win 2k3 D.C are available.
3.
Win 2k3 Native Mode – In this mode only win 2k3 D.C are available.
Ques-:23.
What is SCSI?
Ans :-
SCSI stands
for Small Computer System Interface. In SCSI the rate of data transmission is fast.
SCSI Hard Disk Speed—R.P.M is fast In SCSI Data Transmission Speed Is 320 MBPS
in the Network. In SCSI Controller We Can connect Maximum 15 physical Devices in
the System.
Ques-:24.
What are
A-Host Record and PTR Record?
Ans :-
A record is
also called host record. This record is basically created in forward lookup
Zone.
PTR
record is also called pointer record. This record is basically created in
reverse lookup Zone.
Ques-:25.
What is Reservation?
Ans :-
Reservation
Is Basically used In DHCP Server. When Ever we want This Computer Is Always
received This IP address From DHCP Server in The network, in That Case we
create a Reservation in DHCP Server Of that particular Computer in The Network.
Ques-:26.
IP Address
Range/Classes?
Ans :-
There are two
types of IP address—
1.
Class Full IP Address
2.
Class Less IP Address
Class
Full IP Address – There are five classes –
1. Class
A – 0 – 126 (127 is reserved for Loop
back)
2. Class
B – 128 – 191
3. Class
C – 192 – 223
4. Class
D – 224 – 239
5. Class
E – 240 – 255
Ques-:27.
Difference
between Hardware Router and Software Router?
Ans :-
Hardware Router – Hardware Router is a dedicated Router. It’s having a lot of features
such as security, dedicated routing in the network. As for example Cisco Router.
Software Router – Software Router is not a dedicated Router. It
provides the different services also, such as DNS server, DHCP Server. i.e.—Windows
Based Router.
Ques-:28.
Difference
between Hardware Firewall and Software Firewall?
Ans :-
Hardware Firewall – It is a dedicated Firewall. A lots of security
features are available on hardware based firewall. As for example— Cisco pix
Firewall.
Software Firewall – It is not a dedicated Firewall. Its provides the
normal security in the network—check point
Ques-:29.
What is
Domain Controller?
Ans :-
D.C stands
for domain controller. It provides the centralized management of entire domain
in the network. When ever we will install active directory database on a server
side operating system, then after that system
becomes a D.C. Domain Controller manages all security related Interaction
between users and Computers in The Network.
Ques-:30.
What is B
Router?
Ans :-
B Router stands
for Bridge Router. We can say this is a layer three bridge that provides the
communication between two or more different network ID.
Ques-:31.
What is
Bridge?
Ans :-
Bridge is a
layer 2 network device that provides the communication within the same network id.
In Bridge Maximum 16 ports are available.
Ques-:32.
Difference
between Gateway and Router?
Ans :-
Router works
on same network architecture but Gateway works on different network
architecture.
Ques-:33.
What is POP
Server/SMTP Server?
Ans :-
POP stands
for Post Office Protocol. It is basically use for mail receiving purpose in the
network.
SMTP
stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is basically use for sending a
mail as well as receiving a mail in the network.
Ques-:34.
What is
Active Directory Partitions?
Ans :-
Active
directory Partition Is a Logical Partition Of active directory. This Partition
Is Basically Use for replication from D.C To A.D.C & D.C to G.C.S (Global
Catalog server) in the Network. There are three Types Of active Directory
partition—
1.
Schema partition
2.
Configuration
Partition
3.
Domain Partition
Ques-:35.
Types of
Active Directory Partitions?
Ans :-
There are
three types of Active Directory partition –
1.
Schema Partition
2.
Configuration Partition
3.
Domain Partition
Ques-:36.
What is the
Function of Ping Command?
Ans :-
Ping provides to
check the Physical/IP Connectivity between two or more devices in the network. Ping sends an ICMP request from source computer to
destination computer and destination computer sends an ICMP reply.
Ques-:37.
What are
Broadcasting, Multicasting and unicasting?
Ans :-
Broadcasting
– One to All
Multicasting – One to many not all
Unicasting – One to One
Ques-:38.
What is Group
Nesting?
Ans :-
When we add
two or more Groups within a Single Group, it is called Group Nesting.
Ques-:39.
What is
FIXMBR?
Ans :-
FIXMBR Repair
the Master boot Record of the Partition Boot Sector.
Ques-:40.
What is
FIXBOOT?
Ans :-
FIXBOOT write
a new Partition Boot Sector on to the system Partition.
Ques-:41.
What is SID?
Ans :-
SID stands
for Security Identifier. Every Object has a unique ID, it is called SID.
Ques-:42.
What is
RADIUS Serer?
Ans :-
RADIUS Stands
for Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service. RADIUS Server Provides the
Centralized management of Multiple RAS & VPN Server in the Network. On this
Server Remote Access Policy and Remote Access Logging Options are available.
Ques-:43.
What is
Trusting Domain?
Ans :-
In Trusting
Domain Resources are available.
Ques-:44.
What is
Trusted Domain?
Ans :-
In Trusted
Domain User Account’s are available.
Ques-:45.
What is
Microsoft Exchange Server?
Ans :-
Microsoft
Exchange Server is Software that provides the services such as sending &
receiving the Mail.
Ques-:46.
What is
Printer?
Ans :-
Printer is a
Software that Governing the Print Device. There are two types of Printer—
1.
Local Printer
2.
Network Printer.
Ques-:47.
What is
Chatting?
Ans :-
Chatting is a
Real Time Conversion between Two or More peoples in the Network.
Ques-:48.
What Is
Directory Services restore Mode?
Ans :-
When our
Active Directory Database is Not Working Properly, Then We Restart the Domain
Controller and Press f8 Key Then after Selecting the Directory Services Restore
Mode and Then after Restoring the Active directory Database from the Last
Backup.
Ques-:49.
What is
normal backup?
Ans :-
Just like a
normal backup. By default backup.
Ques-:50.
What is
incremental backup?
Ans :-
In
incremental Backup only incremental parts are backup not full backup.
Ques-:51.
What is
Differential backup?
Ans :-
In
differential backup, we take full backup after the normal backup.
Ques-:52.
What is packet?
Ans :-
A packet is a
logical grouping of information that includes a header which contains location
information and user data.
Ques-:53.
What is
forwarder?
Ans :-
It is
basically use in DNS Server. When client query to the DNS Server, In that case if the DNS is having a best result
then DNS Server give the best result To
The Client Computer In The Network
otherwise DNS Server forward the client
query to the root DNS server on own behalf and give the complete result To The
client computers in The Network
Ques-:54.
What is
encryption?
Ans :-
There are
four types of encryption—
1.
No Encryption –
no
2.
Basic – MPPE – 40
bits – des
3.
Strong – 56 bits
– des – MPPE/IPSec
4.
Strongest – 128 bit
data encryption – MPPE/IPSec
Ques-:55.
What is RIP
v.1, RIP v.2, IGMP, OSPF?
Ans :-
1.
RIP v.1 – Broadcast
– Small Network Use
2.
RIP v.2 – Multicast
3.
IGMP – Multicast
4.
OSPF – Multicast
– For Larger Network
Ques-:56.
What is the
requirement Of VPN Server?
Ans :-
VPN require
IP connectivity between the client and the server. VPN does not require a dial
up connection Between the Client and server in The Network.
Ques-:57.
What is
Inbound Connection?
Ans :-
Inbound
connection is Created On server Side.
Ques-:58.
What is
Outbound Connection?
Ans :-
Outbound
connection is created on client Side.
Ques-:59.
What is The
Function of jetpack command In DHCP Server?
Ans :-
Check the
database consistency of DHCP Server in
the Network
Ques-:60.
What is Remote
Access Policy?
Ans :-
In Remote Access
Policy there are three options are available—
1.
Condition – 8 a.m.
to 5 p.m., Marketing Group
2.
Permission – Yes/No
3.
Profile – Connectivity
time, IPSec Policy
Ques-:61.
What is
TRACERT?
Ans :-
TRACERT
display Complete route Information from source computer to destination computer
in the Network.
Ques-:62.
What is the
function of jetpack command in WINS server?
Ans :-
For Compacting
the WINS database, we use jetpack command.
Jetpack wins.mdb kk.mdb
Ques-:63.
What is tunneling
form?
Ans :-
The sending
and receiving of data through a secure way in the network, it is called
tunneling form.
Ques-:64.
What is trust
relationship?
Ans :-
Trust
relationship is an important part in the client server network. There are two
types of trust relationship—
1.
Non Transitive Trust – Non Transitive Trust is a one way trust
relationship in the network. As for example—in NT network
2.
Transitive Trust – Transitive Trust is two way trust relationship in the network. As
for example—in 2000/2003 network.
Ques-:65.
What is DACL?
Ans :-
DACL stand
for Discretionary Access Control List. In DACL basically permission entry is
available of any user in the network
Ques-:66.
What is SACL?
Ans :-
SACL stand
for System Access Control List. In SACL basically auditing entry is available
of any user in the network.
Ques-:67.
What is MSI?
Ans :-
This file is
basically use for deploying or installation of any application in the network.
Ques-:68.
What is MST?
Ans :-
This file is
basically using for repairing of any application in the network.
Ques-:69.
What is zap
file?
Ans :-
It is
basically use for that application, which do not have the MSI file. We create a
text file with zap extension for deploying or installation purpose of any
application in the network.
Ques-:70.
What is ace?
Ans :-
Ace stand for
access control entry.
Ques-:71.
What is
operation master role?
Ans :-
Operation
master role is available on domain controller in the network.
There
are five types of operation master role inside the active directory
1.
Schema Master – Schema Master Is responsible for changes of schema, updating of
schema in the Network.
2.
Domain Naming Master – Domain Naming Master Is Responsible For adding or
removing a domain inside the forest.
3.
RID Master
– RID Master provides RID no. of each D.C in the Network. Every D.C is having a
one id no, it is called RID NO. domain—rid, object—S.I.D.
4.
PDC Emulator – It is basically use For Previous version Of Windows 2000 Clients in
The Network. PDC Emulator Work as an emulator for previous version of Windows
2000 Clients in the network.
PDC
– Primary Domain Controller
BDC
– Backup Domain Controller
5.
Infrastructure Operation Master – Infrastructure Operation Master Role provides
uniqueness of any object inside the forest.
Infrastructure
operation master role. Updates references to objects and group membership from
other domain In the Network.
Ques-:72.
What is
dedicated server?
Ans :-
A dedicated
server functions as a server only not as a client. As For Example—Domain
Controller.
Ques-:73.
What is
bridgehead server?
Ans :-
A bridgehead
server is a central point in the site that is responsible for replication from
another site.
Ques-:74.
What is the
booting file Of Windows 2000/2003/xp O/s?
Ans :-
1.
NTLDR
2.
NTDETECT.COM
3.
BOOT.INI
4.
NTBOOTDD.SYS
5.
NTOSKRNL.EXE
Ques-:75.
What is
clustering?
Ans :-
Suppose, I
create a web site—www.yahoo.com. This same web page is available On All Of The
ten computers. I configured clustering on all of the ten computers. Let Say at
a same time one thousand people access this web site. If this web services are
provided by only one computer, then it may be a very busy. But in this time workload
is sharing among ten computers. This is called clustering and If One Server
Will Be down Another Server Are providing The Services in The Network. There
are Two Benefits of Clustering—
1.
Fault Tolerance
2.
Load Balancing
Ques-:76.
What is authoritative
restore?
Ans :-
In this
process the one lacks version no high of each object in active directory database
and this parts is overrides on other D.C in the network. We will use This
Method in Following Options Such As--- Some Deletions, Some rename
Ques-:77.
What is
migration?
Ans :-
It is
basically use for converting NT, 2000 network to 2003 network. There are two
types of migration—
1. Upgrading – In upgrading Process maintains current domain
model. As for Example—Before Migration three domains are available and after
Migration again three domains are Available.
2. Restructuring – In restructuring Process no maintain current domain
models. As for example- Before Migration three domains are available and after
Migration May Be one domain will be Available.
Ques-:78.
What Is
Schema?
Ans :-
Schema
basically reads The Attributes and defines The Classes. Such As User class,
Printer Class, Computer Class.
Ques-:79.
What is Stub
Zone?
Ans :-
STUB Zone is
a pointer Record of Sub Child domain in the network. STUB Zone provides the
directly communication Between Parent domain and Sub child domain. If any case
middle level DNS Will Down in That case Parent and Sub Child Domain are still
communicating with each other in the network
Ques-:80.
What Is
Shadow Copy?
Ans :-
Shadow Copy
provides the automatic Backup Of any particular shared Folder in The Network.
Shadow copy provides the No. of previous version Backup of Any particular
Shared folder in the Network. In any time we can View and restore Of Any
Previous Version Backup Of that particular Folder. This Is the New features of
windows 2003 Operating System.
Ques-:81.
What Is RSOP?
Ans :-
RSOP stands
for Resultant Set of Policy. It is basically use for, when ever we Want, What
ever the effective policy Is apply On a particular User and particular computer
in The Network
Ques-:82.
What Is Group
Policy Modeling?
Ans :-
In Group
policy Modeling, We Can find out what Ever the effective policy Is Apply On a
particular User and particular computer in The Network
Ques-:83.
What Is Group
Policy Resulting?
Ans :-
In Group
policy resulting, we can find Out What ever the effective policy Is Apply On a
particular User and particular computer in The Network
Ques-:84.
What Is SUS
Server?
Ans :-
SUS stands
for software Update server. This server provides the Automatic Updating from
Microsoft Update Server to All of The Clients and servers in the network
Ques-:85.
What Is
Windows update?
Ans :-
Windows
Update Services Provides the automatic updating From Microsoft Windows update
Server to all of the Clients & servers in The Network
Ques-:86.
What Is GPMC?
Ans :-
GPMC stands
For Group policy Management Console. With The Help Of this Tools We Manage the
Group policy Object Of entire Forest from
single Location in The Network. With The Help of This Too we also take The
Backup and restoring Of Group policy object.
Ques-:87.
What Is
Conditional Forwarding?
Ans :-
Conditional
Forwarding Is Basically use in DNS server. In DNS Server, We define The
Condition, If Any DNS Query Is Related to That Particular Domain, In That Case
That Query Will Directly Forward to That Domain and If That DNS Query Is Not
Related to That Particular Domain In That Case That Query Will Forward to ISP
DNS server In the Network. With The Help of Conditional Forwarding, we can say
the rate Of Data Transmission Rate Is Fast in The Network This Is the New
Features in Windows 2003 Operating System.
Ques-:88.
What Is
Effective Permission?
Ans :-
Effective
Permission display that is what ever the effective permission is available of
any User in Any particular resources in the Network.
Ques-:89.
What Is the
Booting file Of 98 Operating system?
Ans :-
1. MSDOS.SYS
1.
IO.SYS
2.
COMMAND.COM
Ques-:90.
What Is ASR?
Ans :-
ASR stands
for automatic system recovery. ASR provides the complete backup of any
Computers in The Network.
Ques-:91.
What Is the
Difference Between system policy And Group policies?
Ans :-
System Policy
are Used in NT environment But Group policy Are Used in Windows 2000 And
Windows 2003 Environment.
Ques-:92.
What is
Connection Oriented protocol?
Ans :-
Before the
Data is Sending from Source Computer to destination Computer in the Network
first of All connection is establish between source to destination Computer. It
Is Called connection Oriented Protocol. As For Example—TCP.
Ques-:93.
What Is IDE?
Ans :-
IDE Stands
For Integrated device electronics. In IDE We Can Connect Maximum 4 physical
devices in The System. In IDE the Rate of Data transmission is slow. In IDE
Maximum Speed is –80 MBPS in the Network.
Ques-:94.
Why we Create
a Site?
Ans :-
There are
many benefits for creating a Site inside the Network Such as:
1.
Manage
Replication Traffic inside the Network
2.
For Group policy
Purpose
3.
Administrative
Burden will be Low
4.
Network Traffic
will be Low
5.
Network
Performance will be Good
6.
Logon Traffic
7.
Reduce The No. Of request For Global Catalog Server
Ques-:95.
Difference
between IP V-4 and IP V-6?
Ans :-
There is
major difference between IP V.4 and IP V.6 such as –
1.
In IP V.4 is a 32
bits IP Address but IP v.6 128 bits IP Address.
2.
IP v.4 is a
Decimal Format, but IP V.6 is Hexa-Decimal Number.
3.
IP V.4 has 4
Octets, but IP V.6 has 16 Octets.
4.
IP V.4 is supported
by Operating System, but IP V.6 is supported by only some Operating System.
5.
In IP V.4 only
limited number of IP Address are available, but in IP V.6 a number of IP
Addresses are available.
Ques-:96.
What Is the
Function of Schema partition?
Ans :-
Schema
Partition is responsible for Replication to all of the Domains inside the Forest .
Ques-:97.
What Is The
Function of Configuration Partition?
Ans :-
Configuration
Partition is responsible for Replication to all of the Domains inside the Forest .
Ques-:98.
What is the
function of Domain Partition?
Ans :-
Domain
Partition is responsible for Replication to all of the Additional Domain
Controller inside the own Domain.
Ques-:99.
What is
Active Directory Database Location?
Ans :-
Systemroot\NTDS Folder\NTDS.DIT
Network:-A group of computers that is
connected by cable or other devices to share their data, information and
devices with each other is called Network. There are two types of Network:
1.
Peer-to-Peer:-Peer-to-Peer
network is also called Workgroup. In Workgroup there is no dedicated server.
All Computers are equal, Every Computers Works Both as a Client and a Server.
In Workgroup all users account such as user name and password Are Available in
the SAM database. SAM Stands for Security
Account Management Database.
2.
Client Server:-Client
Server network is also called Domain. In Domain there is one dedicated server;
That Server Is Called D.C. D.C Stands for Domain Controller. In Client Server
Network All users account such as user name and password are Available in the
Active Directory database. Domain is a security boundary in the Network. there
Are Many Benefits of Domain, Such As—
A.
Single logon
B.
Single User Account
C.
Centralized Management
There are three scopes of Network:
1.
LAN:-LAN
stands for Local Area Network. In a fixed area all of the computers are
connected to each other, it is called LAN. In LAN we do not use any third party
Service Provider Network such as Telephone Line, Internet and Satellite.
2.
WAN:-WAN
stands for Wide Area Network. Across the world all of the computers are
connected to each other, it is called WAN. In WAN we use Third Party Service
Provider Network such as Telephone Line, Internet and Satellite.
3.
MAN:-Man
stands for Metropolitan Area Network. MAN is a child of WAN because in a
metropolitan city all of the computers are connected to each other, it is
called MAN. In MAN we use Third Party Service provider Network such as
Telephone Line, Internet and Satellite.
(Example:-Suppose I have a company that name is ABC Pvt. Ltd. held
in Delhi which has four branch offices First is South Delhi, Second is East
Delhi, Third is North Delhi and Fourth is West Delhi. All the branch offices
are connected to the main office with the help of Third Party Service Provider Network
such as Telephone Line, Internet and Satellite, it is called MAN.)
NIC:-NIC
stands for Network Interface Card...
PXE:-PXE
stands for Pre Execution Boot Environment. It is generally use in RIS.
PXE and
Non-PXE:-Boot roam is available on
PXE Card. Boot roam is not available in Non-PXE Card.
Cable:-Cable
is a medium that creates a Network and carry the signals between computers in
the Network. There are two types of cable:
2.
Twisted Pair Cable:-Twisted
Pair Cable is also called 10Base T. There are four pair in this cable White -
Green, White - Blue, White - Brown, White - Orange
A. UTP:-UTP stands for Unshielded
Twister Pair. There are no mass shielded on the wire.
B. STP:-STP stands for Shielded
Twisted Pair. There are a mass shielded on wires.
3.
Coaxial Cable:-Coaxial
Cable just like as a normal TV cable. In coaxial cable one is copper wire that
is located in the central location of the cable then after a plastic coating
then after shielded with mass and then after upper coating (Black Coating).
There are two types of coaxial cable.
A. Thin Net Coaxial Cable:-Thin
Net Coaxial Cable is also called as 10Base 2. 10 stand for 10 MBPS and 2 stands
for up to 200 meters.
B. Thick Net Coaxial Cable:-Thick
Net Coaxial Cable is also called as 10Base 5. 10 stand for 10MBPS and 5 stands
for up to 500 meters.
4.
Fiber Optic Cable:-In
Fiber Optic Cable the data are sending in digital form not in analog form. The
rate of data transmission is fast by using this cable.
There are
two types of device in the network—
1. DTE Device--- D.T.E Stands
for Data Terminal Equipment. As for example—P.C, ROUTER
2. DCE Device---D.C.E Stands
For Data Communication Equipment. As for Example—HUB, SWITCH, MODEM
Straight
Cable:-When we connect Two
Different Devices, Such as DTE to DCE Device in that cases we will use straight
cable as for example Computer to Hub, Computer to Switch.
Cross Cable:-When
we connect two similar devices, Such as DTE to DTE, DCE to DCE in that case we
will use cross cable as for example Computer to Computer, Hub to Hub.
Topology:-Topology is the way of
connecting the computers. Topology requires two or more computers. There are
five types of Topology.
1.
Bus-Topology:-In
this Topology all of the computers are connected to a single Wire Such As--coaxial
cable. In Bus-Topology if the cable is break from any where then the all
network is down. In Bus-Topology the network speed is divided among the
computers. In this topology we use BNC connector. BNC stand For Barrel Net
Connector.
2.
Star Topology:-In
this Topology all of the computers are connected to a central device such as
Hub, or Switch. In star Topology if one computer Will failed in that case my
network will be still working properly. In this topology we normally use UTP
cable and RJ-45 connecter. RJ stands for registered jack.
3.
Ring Topology:-In
this Topology all of the computers are connected to own next computer and the
last computer is connected to first computer. In this topology if one computer
will fails then my whole network are down. (Cable Used-? Speed - ?).
4.
Mesh Topology:-In
this Topology all of the computers are connected to each other computer in the
network by a separate cable and Separate NIC card. It is also called complete
Topology.
5.
Hybrid Topology:-When
we will connect two or more same Topology To a single different Topology, it is
called Hybrid Topology. There are two types of Hybrid Topology:
A. Star wired Bus
B. Star wired Ring
Technology:-The rate of data
transmission depends on your Network Technologies. There are many types of
Network Technologies Are Available in the World---
1.
Ethernet:-Ethernet
is a popular LAN Technology that uses CSMA/CD.
2.
ATM:-ATM
stands for Asynchronous Transfer Mode. ATM is a packet switching network that
sends fixed length packets over LAN or WAN. The packet size is 53 bytes in
which 48 bites data and 5 bytes for address.
3.
Frame Relay:-Frame
Relay is a packet switching networks that sends variable length packets over
LAN or WAN.
4.
FDDI:-FDDI
stands for Fiber Distributed Data Interface. The rate of data transmission is
fast in this Technology. There are two types of Ring in this Technology. First
is Primary Ring and second is Secondary Ring. Normally the data is sending from
source computer to destination computer through the Primary Ring if Primary
Ring Will Be fails then the data Will Be sending through the Secondary Ring.
Hub:-Hub
is a central device in the network that is used in star topology. Hub does the
broadcasting. The rate of data transmission is slow in the network by using Hub.
Switch:-Switch
is a central device in the network that is used in star topology. Switch does
the conditional broadcasting. The rate of data transmission is fast in the
network by using Switch.
Router:-Router
is a device that provides the connectivity between two or more different
network id.
Gateway:-Gateway
is a device that provides the connectivity between two or more different
network id. Gateway works on different network architecture.
Repeater:-Repeater
receives the signals and retransmits it to original strength in the network.
IP Address:-IP
Address is a unique identifier in the network from one computer to anther
computers. IP Address Is A Combination Of Network Id + Host Id.
MAC Address:-Each
network adaptor are having a unique address, it is called Physical Address or
MAC Address. MAC stands for media access control.
Subnets:-Network
segments that connected to a router are called Subnets.
Subnet Mask:-The
Subnet Mask is a screen that differentiates from Network ID to Host ID in a IP
Address.
Network ID:-The
first part of the IP Address that defines the network is called Network ID.
Host ID:-The
second or last part of The IP Address that defines the Host number is called
Host ID.
Sub Netting:-A
Big Network Is further divided Into Smaller-smaller Network that is called sub
netting. In sub netting we increase the Network ID and decrease the Host ID by
making some changes in subnet mask.
Super
Netting:-Combining of Smaller-Smaller
Network into big Network That Is Called Super netting. In Super netting we
increase the Host ID and Decrease the Network ID by making some changes in
subnet mask.
Proxy
Server:-Proxy Server is a firewall
component that enables us to connect multiple computers in a network to the
Internet by using a single Public IP Address. By Proxy Server we can filter the
client request for a specific Web Site.
NAT:-The
NAT is a device or service that translates Private IP Address to Public IP
Address in the Network NAT Provides the internet connectivity for all Of the
Internal User in the Network through Single Public IP address And Single Line.
There are three Types of NAT—
1.
Static Nat
2.
Dynamic Nat
3.
Overloading Nat—PAT(Port address Translation)
Firewall:-A
Firewall is the combination of hardware and software that prevents unauthorized
access to an internal network from outside.
Microsoft
Proxy Server:-Microsoft Proxy Server
provides both features Such As Proxy Server and a Firewall.
Protocol:-Protocol
is the set of rules and regulations that provides the communication Between Two
or More devices in the Network.
Packet
Switching:-In Packet Switching all of the
data are sending from source computer to destination computer through may be a
different way.
Circuit
Switching:-In Circuit Switching all of
the data are sending from source computer to destination computer through a
single way.
Disk Quota:-When
we want some users in the network do not use more disk space of the Hard Disk
then we put a appropriate Disk Quota entry on those users.
Compression:-By
compression we add free of space in our Hard Disk.
Terminator:-Terminator
absorbed the electric signal and stops the reflection.
Socket:-A
Socket is a combination of IP Address and TCP/UDP Port.
Port:-A
Port is recognized by the service as for example FTP uses Port 21.
OSI:-OSI
stands for Open System Interconnection model. It is a standard model in the
world. When ever One Computer Wants to communicate with another Computer, A
Major Task Is Performed inside the Computer and that major Task are divided into
Seven Parts and That Seven Parts Is Called seven Layers.
1.
Application Layer: -
Application Layer Identify the which types Of Application Are Using By The
Client In The Network. As For example—HTTP, FTP, SMTP, Telnet
2.
Presentation Layer: -
The format Of Data depends on the presentation Layer. There Are Two Major
Function Of Presentation Layer—
A. Converting High Level
Coding to Low Level Coding
B. Converting Low level
Coding to high Level Coding
Generally there are Two
Types Are Coding In this Layer—
1. ASCII-American Standard Code
For Information Interchange code
2. EBCDIC—Extended Binary Coded
For decimal interchange Code
Some additional Functions
are presentation Layers is—
1.
Compression
2.
Decompression
3.
Encryption
4.
Decryption
3.
Session Layer: -
Session Layer Provides the which types Of Session Are Establish between Sources
to Destination Computer in the Network. There Are three Types Of Data
Transmission in the Network—
A. Simplex Transmission:-Simplex Transmission is only one
way transmission as for example RADIO,
T.V
B. Half-Duplex:-Half-Duplex is an only one
way transmission at a time. As for example—hub, walky talky
C. Full-Duplex:-Full-Duplex is a two way transmission at a same time. As for example—switch, telephone, and
wireless
Session Layer Provide Some
Additional Function in the Network, That Is—
1. Pause the Session
2. Terminate The Session
3. Restart The session
4.
Transport Layer:-Transport
Layer provides The End to End Connectivity in The Network. Transport Layer is
responsible to carry the data from source to destination computer In the
Network. Transport Layer provides The Two types Of Connectivity in The network—
Reliable Connectivity
Unreliable connectivity
Generally There Are Two types Of Protocol in Transport Layer
1. TCP-Transmission Control
Protocol
2. UDP—User Datagram Protocol
TCP provides the reliable
connectivity in the Network. & UDP Provides the Unreliable connectivity in
the network.
5.
Network Layer:-Network
Layer Provides the Source IP address and destination IP address in the Network.
There are Two Major Function of network Layer—
1. Provides the Logical
addressing—IP Addressing.
2. Provides the Routing
Router Is a Layer 3 device in the
network
6.
Data Link Layer:-Data
Link Layer provides the Source Mac address And destination Mac address in the
Network. All of the Wan Technology Is a Layer 2 technology. Switch and Bridge
Is a Layer 2device in The Network.
7.
Physical Layer:-Physical
Layer Is Responsible For Put The Data on the Cable. Hub, Repeater, Cable, NIC
these are Layer -1 Device in The Network.
TCP:-
1. TCP Stands for Transmission
Control protocol
2. TCP is a Connection Oriented
protocol
3. It Is a unicasting protocol
4. The Rate of Data
transmission Is Slow in TCP
5. In TCP The Guarantee Of Data
Delivery
6. In TCP Acknowledgement is
must.
UDP:-
1.
UDP Stands for
User Datagram protocol.
2.
It Is a
Connection Less protocol
3.
It Is a Broadcasting
protocol
4.
The Rate Of Data
transmission is Fast
5.
In UDP No
Guarantee of Data Delivery
6.
In UDP No
Acknowledgement
Data
transmission Types:-There are three types of
data transmission in the network--
1.
Simplex Transmission:-Simplex
Transmission is only one way transmission as for example RADIO, T.V
2.
Half-Duplex:-Half-Duplex
is a one way transmission at a time. as for example—hub, walky-talky
3.
Full-Duplex:-Full-Duplex
is a two way transmission at a same time. as for example—switch, telephone,
wireless
ARP:-ARP
stands for Address Resolution Protocol. It is basically use for resolving IP
Address to MAC Address in the network.
DOD model:-
DOD Model Stands For department of defense model.
This Model is also known As TCP/IP Model. There are four Layers in DOD Model---
1. Application Layer—3 layer
of OSI Model
2. Transport layer—transport
layer of OSI Model
3. Internet layer—Network layer
Of OSI Model
4. Network Interface Layer Or
physical Layer—Data link & Physical Layer of OSI Model.
1.Application Layer:-There
are many types of protocols in Application Layer:
A. HTTP:-HTTP stands for Hyper Text
Transfer Protocol. It is basically use for caring the web page. HTTP uses Port
80.
B. FTP:-FTP stands for File
Transfer Protocol. It is basically use for transferring the file. FTP uses Port
21.
2.
Transport Layer:-There
are two types of protocol in this layer:
A. TCP:- TCP stands for
Transmission Control Protocol. It is a connection oriented protocol. The rate
of data transmission is slow in this protocol. By this protocol the acknowledgement
is must.
B. UDP:- UDP stands for User
Datagram Protocol. It is a connection less protocol. The rate of data
transmission is fast by this protocol. The acknowledgement is not required.
3.
Internet Layer:-There
are normally four protocols on this layer:
A. IP:-IP stands for Internet
Protocol. It is responsible for assigning the IP Address.
B. ICMP:-ICMP stands for Internet
Control Manage Protocol. On the unsuccessful delivery it shows the error
massage to resend the data.
C. IGMP:-IGMP stands for Internet
Group Management Protocol. It is responsible for control Multicasting and
Broadcasting.
D. ARP:-ARP stands for Address
Resolution Protocol. It is basically used for resolving IP Address to MAC
Address in the network.
Dual
Booting:-A Dual Boot configuration
allows us to choose between two or more operating system each time when we
start the computer. In Dual Booting one operating system is belongs to NOS
family and another operating system must be belongs to simple O/S family and
the system partition must be formatted with either Fat or Fat 32.
File System:-A
logical division of the Hard Disk is called File System such as sector or
Tracks.
Partition:-A
logical division of Hard Disk is called Partition.
User
Profile:-A user profile contents the
information about a specific user’s log on setting Such As Desktop Setting.
There are three types of user profile.
1.
Local User Profile:-A
local user profile is automatically created on each computer to which the user
log on.
2.
Roaming User Profile:-The
same profile can be used from anywhere in the network from which the user log
on. In This Profile User Can Change His Own profile and that profile Will Be
saved In Central Location.
3.
Mandatory User Profile:-A
permanent profile will be used of any user in the network from which the user
log on. In this profile user can change his own profile but that profile will
not be saved in central location. That change is only for temporary purpose.
Offline:-By
offline user evenly access to a network share folder when he disconnected from the
network. There Are Three Types Of offline setting—
1.
Manually Caching For document—by Default
2.
automatic caching for document
3.
automatic caching for program
Recovery
Console:-When my system’s registry
is damage and my operating system is not starting properly in that case we will
use Recovery Console. In Recovery Console we use some command line tools such
as enable, disable, fixmbr, fixboot etc.
Active
Directory:-Active Directory is the
main concept of Windows 2000 & Windows 2003 Network. It stores the complete
information about the whole network such as users, printers, computers etc.
Active Directory provides The Centralized Management in the Network.
Objects:-Everything
in Active Directory is called Object such as users, Printers, computers etc.
Attributes:-Every
object has some qualities that are called Attributes. On the basis of these
attributes we identify the object such as user, printer, computer etc.
Terminal
Services:-By Terminal Services we can
manage our server from anywhere in the network. There are two modes in Terminal
Services:
1.
Remote Administration Mode:-In
this mode at a same time By Default maximum two administrators can connect
remotely to the server and manage it.
2.
Application Server Mode:-By
this mode user allow to run remotely one or more applications on the Server.
Leased Line:-Leased
Line is a point to point connection. When we connect 24 hours a day to the
Internet then we have a best option to choose the Lease Line because it is cost
effective(no Costly)
ISDN Line:-ISDN
Line is not a point to point connection. ISDN networks extend from the local
telephone exchange to the remote user in the network. By ISDN Line the rate of
data transmission is fast. The data are sending in digital form not in analog
form. In ISDN scenario both side (client side and server side) ISDN Modem is
necessary.
USB:-USB
stands for Universal Serial Bus. It is basically use for physically connecting
many devices At a Same Time that supports the USB such as printer, mouse,
scanner, web camera etc. It is compatible with near about 127 devices at the same
time.
Security
Template:-Security Template is a
readymade designed by Microsoft for implementing a security configuration in
the network. There are four types of Security Template Basic (By Default),
Compatible (Low-Level Security), Secure and High.
Service
Pack:-Service Pack updates the
DLL files and adds some additional features in operating system.
DLL:-DLL
stands for Dynamic Link Library. It is the important files of any application,
which helps to run any application.
CRC:-CRC
stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check. CRC is a number provided by a
mathematically calculation on the packet at its source.
Driver:-Driver
is software which helps to perform the Hardware properly.
Multilink:-Multilink
connection uses multiple modems to create a single connection to the Internet
or other computers in the network.
CSMA/CD:-CSMA/CD
stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect. At a same time when
two computers are sending data to each other in a single way then collision
happens. In that case CSMA/CD stops the collision and retransmits the data
after sometime in the network.
Adminpack.msi:-For
Installing/Uninstalling of Administrative tools we use Adminpack.msi.
Safe Mode:-In
this mode load only basic devices and drivers that are require to start the
computer. not loading the following drivers such as VGA card, soundcard,
network card etc. Only load the Basic driver Such as keyboard, mouse, and
storage device.
VGA MODE:-Load
the basic VGA driver. This mode is useful if a video driver is preventing
windows operating system from starting properly, basic resolution 480 x 640
pixels setting are applies.
DNS SERVER:-DNS
stands for domain name system. It is a basically use for name resolution
purpose of Windows 2000/2003 clients in the network on working purpose. There
are two types of zones:
1.
Forward Lookup Zone:-It
is basically used for resolving Host name to IP Address in the network.
2.
Reverse Lookup Zone:-It
is basically used for resolving IP Address to Host name in the network.
Related
Domain: - Related to Domain There
are three types of zone:
1.
Active Directory Integrated
Zone:-Active Directory Integrated
Zone is integrated with Active Directory. For creating this zone Active Directory
and DNS is necessary on a particular computer in the network.
2.
Standard Primary Zone:-Standard
Primary Zone is not integrated with Active Directory. For creating this zone
only DNS is necessary not Active Directory is required.
3.
Standard Secondary Zone:-Standard
Secondary Zone is clone copy of master DNS Server such as Active Directory
Integrated Zone or Standard Primary Zone.
Zone:-Zone
is the database in the DNS where all computers A Record (Host Record) and PTR
Record (Pointer Record) are Available in the network.
Virtual
Memory:-Virtual Memory is some
space in the Hard Disk that is used whenever RAM is full in computer.
Unattended
Installation:-In this process we create
an answer file. By this process we can run the automatically installation of Windows
2000/2003 Operating System.
DFS:-DFS
stands for Distributed File System. It is a central location of any user in the
network and that is linked with all of the share folder in the network. By DFS
user will be only access the DFS server and further access any share folder in
the network.
Hardware
Profile:-For battery saving purpose
or electricity saving purpose we can use the Hardware Profile. It is basically
use for mobile user in the network. There are two main important parts in the
Hardware Profile for examination point of view first is Dock and second Undock
station. Dock station—inside the office, undock station—outside the office.
Internet:-The
worldwide collection of all Networks and Gateways that is uses TCP/IP protocol
is called Internet. It is a example of WAN/it is also known as WAN. Internet
uses the high speed data communication lines between the major nodes and the
host computer. Internet is a public Net and everybody can access it without
user name and password.
Intranet:-A
private network within an organization that is uses for distribute the
information within the organization is called Intranet. It is a example of
LAN/it is also known as LAN. In Intranet only the organization people can
access and use the Intranet.
Extranet:-A
private network that is working within a organization and outside the
organization but not for public/everybody is called Extranet. In Extranet the
company employees, distributors, suppliers, customer etc. can access the
network.
DHCP:-DHCP
stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. DHCP Server provides the automatically
TCP/IP configuration of all of the clients in the network.
APIPA:-APIPA
stands for Automatic Private IP Addressing. When I configure a computer in
TCP/IP setting to obtain IP Address automatically and my DHCP Server is not
available or not responding to DHCP client in that case the computer receive a
IP Address from APIPA in the range of 169.254.0.0.APIPA RANGE—169.254.0.1 to
169.254.255.254
DHCP Scope: -
A DHCP scope is a range of IP Addresses in the DHCP Server Who leases the IP
address to DHCP Client in the network. There are three types of Scopes:
1.
Normal Scope:-
2.
Multicast Scope:-
3.
Super Scope:-
DHCP Relay
Agent:-Suppose I have two subnets
that is Subnet A and Subnet B and both subnets are connected to a Router. I
have a DHCP Server in Subnet A. I configure two scopes in DHCP Server i.e. Scope A for Subnet A and Scope B for Subnet B.
I want to configure that all the computers in Subnet B receive the IP Addresses
from DHCP Server That Is Located in Subnet A. But my Router is not RFC 1542
(Request for Comment) compatible in that case I will install a DHCP relay Agent
in Subnet B.
Scope
Option:-Scope Option provides the
additional TCP/IP configuration of any DHCP client in the network such as the
IP Address of DNS Server, WINS Server, Router etc. There are four types of
scope option:
1.
Server Level:-
2.
Scope Level:-
3.
Class Level:-
4.
Reserved Client Level:-
Remote
Access Connectivity:-There are two types of
Remote Access Connectivity in The Network.
1.
Dial-up Remote Access:-For
Dial-up Remote Access at least telephone line and modem are necessary on both
side Client side and Server side. A RAS Server is must be configured at Server
side. In this process Remote Access Client dial the telephone number of RAS
Server and then after giving user name and password. After verifying user name
and password the Remote Access Client connect to the RAS Server and further
connect to the Internal Network.
2.
VPN:-VPN
Stands for Virtual Private Network. In this process Remote Access Client
connect to the VPN Server via Internet. By this process the communication is
very secure and the data are sending and receiving in tunneling form.
DNS:-There
are two types of DNS Query:
1.
Iterative Query:-When
a client Query to the DNS Server and if my DNS Server is having the best result
then it will give the best result to client in the network otherwise it will
send a message not found, it is called Iterative Query.
2.
Recursive Query:-When
a client Query to the DNS Server and if my DNS Server is having the best result
then it will give the best result to client computer otherwise it forward the
client Query on own behalf to the Root DNS Server and it will give the complete
result to the client Computer in the network, it is called Recursive Query.
CA:-CA
stands for Certification Authority. CA provides the secure communication
between two or more computers in the network. There are four types of CA:
1.
Enterprise Root
CA
2.
Enterprise
3.
Stand Alone Root CA
4.
Stand Alone Subordinate CA:-
IP Sec
Policy:-IP Sec Policy provides the
secure communication between two or more computers in the network. There are
three types of IP Sec Policy in the network:
1.
Client Respond Only:-
2.
Secure Server Required
Security:-
3.
Secure Server Request
Security:-
ICS:-ICS
stands for Internet Connection Sharing. It is basically used in workgroup to
share the Internet connection.
NS Lookup:-NS
Lookup check that my DNS Server is working properly or not in the network.
Scavenging:-Scavenging
is use to clear the stale records in the DNS Server.
WINS:-WINS
stands for Windows Internet Naming System. It is basically use for Name
Resolution purpose for previous version of Windows 2000 Clients in the network.
It is resolving NetBIOS Name to IP address in The Network There is three types
of Replication partner in the WINS Server:
1.
Push Partner:-
2.
Pull Partner:-
3.
Push-Pull Partner:-(By
Default)
There are four Types Of nodes
in WINS Server:
B – Node (Broadcasting)
P – Node (Search Server)
M – Node (B + P)
H – Node (P + B)
RIS:-RIS
Stands for Remote Installation Service. In this process the computers are
connected to a server running Remote Installation Service and then after RIS
Server install the Windows 2000 Professional on those computers. In this
process the client computers uses the PXE Card.
Home Folder:-Home
Folder is a central location of any user in the network where he can save file
and folder. Home Folder shows as a drive in the computer when a user login the
network from anywhere.
Tracert:-
Tracert display Complete Routes Information from source computer to destination
computer in the network.
Telnet:-Telnet
provides the remotely logon the computer and working on that computer.
Global
Catalog Server: - A Global Catalog Server
is a forest root domain that creates a relationship between two computers
within the Single
Forest
By default first root domain
controller is the global catalog server in the network. It stores the
information about universal group in the network. Global Catalog Server
Maintain The Read Only Copy To All Of The Domain Inside The Forest .
User Right:-User
Rights authorized a user to who logon to the network or computer to perform
certain action on the system. There are some common User Rights:
A. Log on Locally
B. Change the System Time
C. Shut Down the System
D. Access the Computer from
Network
Power User:-A
user that Are having the special authority to maintain the user accounts such
as add a user account, delete a user account, modify a user account, change the
password of a user etc. is called Power User.
Backup
Operator:-A user that is having the
power of Backup and Restore the file of a computer it is called Backup
Operator.
Wireless Communication:-In
Wireless Communication we have not need to attach a device to the computer by
the help of wire. Wireless Communication device works on the basis of receive
and transmit the analog or digital signals in The Network. There are two types
of Wireless Communication:
1. Infrared Transmission:-In
Infrared Transmission an infrared light beam is used to carry the data between
transmit and receiving device. There must be a clear line between transmit and
receiving device for communication. TV and Remote is the example of Infrared
Transmission.
2. Narrowband Radio Transmission:-In
Narrowband Radio Transmission user tunes both the transmitter and the receiver
to a certain frequency. Narrowband Radio Transmission does not require a clear
line between both devices. Radio and FM is the example of Narrowband Radio
Transmission.
PPTP:-PPTP
stands for Point to Point Tunneling Protocol. It is used in RAS connectivity.
PPTP enable the secure transfer of encapsulate data between a PPTP Client and a
PPTP Server across the Internet. PPTP uses MPPE (Microsoft Point-to-Point
Encryption) to encrypt the data.
L2TP:-L2TP
stands for Layer Two Tunneling Protocol. It is used in RAS and more secure then
PPTP. L2TP enables the secure transfer of encapsulate data between L2TP Client
and L2TP Server across the Internet. L2TP uses IP Sec (Internet Protocol
Security) for Encrypt the data.
Three Way Hand Shake:-TCP
is a reliable Protocol. When two computers communicate that using TCP, firstly
establish a connection before the exchange of data, it is called session. Two
computers establish a session by a process that is called Three Way Hand Shake.
There are three steps in Three Way Hand Shake process:
A. The source computer
initiates the connection by transmitting the session information.
B. The destination computer
responds with its session information.
C. The source computer receives
the information and sends an acknowledgement.
Host Name:-A
Host Name is a user friendly name that is given by us to a computer to identify
him. The Host Name is a 15 byte or up to 255 character length name.
NetBios Name:-A
NetBIOS Name is a 15+1 byte name in that 15 byte is host name that is given by
us and 1 byte is generated by computer automatically.1 Byte Depends on That
Computer Are Providing Which Kinds Of services In the Network.
Web Server:-A
server computer that provides the services related to web site/Internet is
called Web Server.
Class-full IP Address:-All
the IP Addresses are divided into five classes class A, B, C, D and E. All the
classes having a default subnet mask according to its class. So the IP Address
that is given with its default subnet mask is called Class-full IP Address.
Class-less IP Address:-All
the IP Addresses are divided into Five Classes class A, B, C, D and E. All the
classes having its default subnet mask. When we change the default subnet mask
of an IP Address by the help of sub netting and super netting, it is called
Class-less IP Address.
Driver Signing:-Sometimes
when we install a new driver/software on the computer then its installation
process is overwrite some system files and damage or creating some problem with
our operating system. To stop this thing windows 2000 have a feature i.e. Driver Signing. Driver Signing check the
driver/software is signed by Microsoft or not. There are three Options in
Driver Signing:
1. Ignore:-In Ignore Windows do not
check the signed or unsigned driver and install the driver normally.
2. Warn:-In Warn Windows check the
driver is signed or unsigned and give a warning massage during installation for
unsigned driver.
3. Block:-In Block Windows never
install the unsigned driver.
Permission Inheritance:-All
the permissions is assigned to a folder is automatic apply on its subfolder or
files, it is called Permission Inheritance.
Take Ownership:-If
the administrator has no rights or permissions on an object then the
administrator can be the owner of that object by the using the power i.e. Take ownership and forcibly get the permission
on that object.
Recovery Agent:-Recovery
Agent has the power of Decrypt the file of any user.
Decryption:-Change
an Encrypted file to a simple file is called Decryption.
Or
Remove
the Encryption from a file or Folder is called Decryption.
Hidden Share:-When
we share a object with the $ sign, it is called Hidden Share. Hidden Share
object is not shown as like normal share objects.
Print Device:-Print
Device is a hardware that is physically prints a document.
Spool Folder:-Spool
Folder shows the entire documents that are waiting for print in print queue.
Default Printer:-Which
printer I want to give priority to print document that is known as Default
Printer.
Printer Pooling:-By
the Printer Pooling we can connect one Printer Driver with two or more print
device for load balancing Purpose In The Network.. In printer Polling We Can say
One Master and More than one
servant are Available in the Network. In printer pooling it is necessary that
print device is same manufacturer and same model no.
Printer Priority:-By
Printer Priority we can connect two or more printers with one print device and
set the priority of each printer that whose document is print firstly In the
Network. In printer priority We Can say one
servant and more than one master are Available in the Network. In that case
which work will be first? We Can configure the priority on the printer, such
as—manger—99, user—1
Internet Printing:-By
the Internet printing we can print a document remotely in the Network. In
Internet Printing we can print the document on the print device that is located
in other city.
Scope of Group:-There
are three types of Group scopes In the Network:-
1. Domain Local Group:-In
Domain Local Group –user Belongs to Any Domain and Access resources My Domain.
2. Global Group:-In Global Group –User
Belongs To My Domain and Access Resources Any Domain.
3. Universal Group;-In Universal Group user
–User Belongs to Any Domain and Access Resources Any Domain.
There
are two types of Groups:
1. Security Group:-Security Group is basically
used for give the permission to the user on a Particular resource of the
network. Security Group is having all the features of Distribution Group.
2. Distribution Group:-Distribution
Group is basically created for sending E-Mails in The Network. On Distribution
Group we can not assign the permission For Any Objects in The network.
Distribution Group Can Not Work As A Security Group.
Disaster:-An
event that becomes a cause to unable to start Windows properly such as
corruption of boot sector, deleting or missing system file etc. is called
disaster.
Disaster Recovery:-When
a computer disaster occurs after that the process of restoring the computer to
its original state that is prior of disaster is called Disaster Recovery.
ERD:-ERD
stands for Emergency Repair Disk. ERD having a backup copy of system state data
such as registry, system files, partition boot sector, startup environment etc.
It is most important tool to recover your system registry.
Disk Duplication:-When
we need to install Windows 2000/2003 on a large number of computers. We have
create a disk image of Windows 2000/2003 installation and then copy the image
to the multiple computers that process is called Disk Duplication.
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